Thursday, May 21, 2020

Psychology of State-Sponsored Violence - 1731 Words

Psychology of State-Sponsored Violence State-sponsored violence has led to some of the most horrendous human right crimes such as genocide and torture. These crimes are often under the constant fire of debate as scholars try to reason as to why they occur. However, the debates of genocide and torture are not exclusively attributed to the fact that they occur, but also, as to why people participate in these acts to begin with. Contrary to popular belief the majority of participants in state-sponsored violence are often not radical extremists, but rather, ordinary people. In instances, such as the genocide in Rwanda, participants were average everyday people, often neighbors of the victims, who carried out many of the killings. Also, in†¦show more content†¦The thought of someone administering electrical shocks to an individual who clearly is in pain reinforces the idea that ordinary people can be developed into participators of violence. The transformation of ordinary people into agents of destruction can be attr ibuted to the fact that when an authority figure makes an order the responsibility shifts from the individual to the higher authority. Essentially, giving the sense of impunity to the actor and making them believe that they will not be held responsible for their actions and removing the thought that there will be consequences. The removal of consequences and responsibility can further develop a person’s inclination to perform acts that are violent. This is due to the fact that no consequences for bad behavior can be detrimental in people’s understanding of what a crime is and what a crime is not. One of the justifications for punishment is embellished in the idea that only by implementing consequences for negative actions will people be inclined to not commit a crime. This is because with the consequences of a crime there is an infliction such as loss of liberty, harsh treatment, social condemnation, and frustration of desires. However, when there is no consequences fo r crime a person will be more inclined to participate in actions, such as torture or genocide. In Fujii’s writing, Killing Neighbors, she mentions thatShow MoreRelatedGreek Theatre And Medieval Drama1587 Words   |  7 Pagescreative process based off of different mindsets. Therefore, the significant time lapse between the two genres has had an evident impact on the way theatre was perceived and presented. In comparing aspects such as religious motivations, conditions of violence and character development, the distinct theatrical natures of Greek theatre and medieval drama will be made apparent. Though both genres of theatre are closely tied to religion, Greek theatre and medieval drama have different religious motivationsRead MoreAlcohol Abuse in Africa: The Case of Ghana1400 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol Abuse in Africa: The Case of Ghana Alcohol is a commonly abused substance in most continents and Africa is no exception. Unlike the United States which has alcohol as the second most commonly used drug, in Africa it is the foremost abused substance. This could be attributed to the fact that most cultural or traditional ceremonies utilize alcohol in one way or another. In Ghana – West Africa – for example, during the naming ceremony of a newborn, the baby is given a drop of alcohol andRead MoreChildren Always Need Love, Compassion, Support And Empathy From Their Parents Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesthey develop into adults without a father in any situation. No one can agree that growing up fatherless is far from the worst thing other than Michele Weldon from the New York Times, and her article â€Å"When Children Are Better off Fatherless† as she states: In the cases where the father is far from heroic – even abusive – his absence is also the absence of the chaos, anger, pain and disruption he would bring to his family. Americans encourage women to leave abusive partners, but mothers who do thisRead MoreSummary of Eros and Civilization: Marcuse1428 Words   |  6 Pagesdilocated:becomes project of subversion of this sort of progress. Liberation from ‘asocial’ autonomous Eros presupposes liberation from repressive affluence: a reversal in the direction of progress. Man could avoid fate of Welfare-Through-Welfare State only by achieving a new starting point where he could reconstruct the productive apparatus without that innerworldly asceticism which provided the mental basis for domination. Negation of Nietzsche’s superman: man conscious to make life an end in itselfRead MoreAfrican American Social Studies Teachers1587 Words   |  7 Pagesstudies teacher for over twenty years Currently teaches: African American History, U.S. History and World Cultures at Clifton High School Amanda Carter African American female Social studies teacher for over fifteen years Currently teaches: Psychology and World Cultures at Crawford High School Data Collection and Analysis 3 semi-structured interviews lasting 2 hours in length Informal conversations and observations Interviews transcribed verbatim Portraits generated from transcripts ConstantRead MoreCultural Considerations in Counseling2235 Words   |  9 Pagesit. Children typically lack the worldview to process the level of violence that occurs during war. The Nigerian children who were rescued from the refugee camp lived in extremely poor conditions and before arriving there were subjected to serious events that may change them forever. They are likely suffering from some severe psychological effects of war-time violence that need to be addressed in order to break the cycle of violence they may be in, but also to ensure their mental health both now andRead MoreSchool Violence2554 Words   |  10 Pagesyoung adults are showing increased tendencies of violence and aggression. Researches have shown that these aggressive tendencies which originate from different various different factors have excessively contributed to bullies and violence at schools. These problems are much more common in countries where excess to arms and weapons is easier. In the United S tates of America, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified school violence as a public health problem and has indicated seriousRead More Parental Violence and Youth Sports Essay2176 Words   |  9 Pagesadult-controlled organized activities (Coakley, pp. 125-127). Coakley (2009) then goes on to discuss five major trends in youth sports today. The first trend is the privatization of organized programs. This means that more youth activities are becoming sponsored by private and commercial organization, while less money is coming from public or tax-related funds. The second major trend is the emphasis on performance. This suggests that there is more stress placed on performance in activities and athletesRead MoreSex and Violence in Media2268 Words   |  10 PagesSex and Violence in Media In todays society, sex and violence is practically in every movie you see. Most box office hits are filled with a variety of violence, like the Matrix or a variety of sexual content, like American Pie. The violence and sex content in these movies make it appealing to viewers, especially young audiences. But, the effects of watching these movies could be damaging, especially if the child is not being supervised while watching these movies. Sigmund Freud had his views onRead MoreFamily Vioelence and Abuse2114 Words   |  9 PagesFamilies Family violence and abuse is a prominent issue in our society that has maintained its presence throughout our history. Familial abuse has a tendency to be masked by emotions, not being classified as â€Å"abuse† by the victims until it has become a reoccurring issue. In fact, most unreported violent acts are due to the victim’s desire to protect the related offender. The media usually develops news stories and articles revolving around the most sensational cases of family violence; their representation

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult...

Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion What is Equality? Equality is about making sure people are treated fairly and given fair chances. Equality is not about treating everyone in the same way, but it recognises that their needs are met in different ways. Equality focuses on those areas covered by the law, namely the key areas of race, gender, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientation, transgender and Age. People must not be unfairly discriminated against because of any of these factors and we must all contribute to creating a positive workplace and service delivery environment where discriminatory practices and†¦show more content†¦Race Relations Act 1976 (amended 2000). This states that everyone must be treated fairly regardless of their race, nationality, or ethnic or national origins. Disability Discrimination Act 1995. This states that a person with a disability must not be treated less fairly than someone who is able-bodied. Employment Equality (Religion orBelief) Regulations 2003. This says it is unlawful to discriminate against people at work because of their religion or belief. The regulations also cover training that is to do with work. Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006. This says it is unlawful for an employer or potential employer to discriminate against you at work because of your age. Essential Standards CQC has set 28 essential standards of quality and safety (outcomes) which GP practices must comply with. The essential standards are set out in the Care Quality Commission (Registration) Regulations 2009 and the Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2010. Of the 28 outcomes, there are 16 core outcomes which relate to the quality and safety of patient care. When you apply for registration, you may be compliant with most, but not all, 28 standards. CQC states that this is acceptable providing there is no risk to patients. When you register with CQC you will make an initial declaration of compliance (or non-compliance) in respect of the 16 core outcomes, but are not required to submitShow MoreRelatedPrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings.3752 Words   |  16 Pages303 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings. Task A Ai. Diversity – The concept of diversity is to encompass acceptance and respect. It means that each individual is unique and recognizing our individual’s differences, these can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, social- economic status, age, physical abilities or religious beliefs. An example of diversity is to accept someone’s views even if you don’t agree Equality – Equality basicallyRead MorePRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS863 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Unit 303: PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1.1 Diversity means difference. Diversity recognises that though people have things in common they are also different and unique in other ways. Diversity is about recognising these differences and valuing them. Diversity is in the form of visible bind, non-visible differences which include personal characteristics such as background, culture, personality and race disability, age, gender belief and religionRead MorePrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings2120 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Assignment 303 Bi Create a leaflet Legislations and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 You share the responsibility with your employer for your own safety and of all people that you support Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 An employee is refused a promotion, because of their age Employment Equality (Religion or Belies) and (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003 An employee is refused e.g. trainingRead Morenvq 3 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings789 Words   |  3 PagesPrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings 1.1 Explain what is meant by a) Diversity Diversity means varied or different, so in a social care setting the importance of diversity means to recognise and respect the importance of people’s wishes and to treat them as individuals. b) Equality Equality means ensuring that everybody is entitled to equal rights and opportunities and therefore preventing discrimination. c) Inclusion Inclusion means to ensure thatRead MoreAssignment 303 Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Settings2063 Words   |  9 PagesTask A Short answer questions Ai Using the table below, explain in your own words what each term means. Give one example from care practice to illustrate your explanations. Diversity: The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, politicalRead MoreList Key Legislation And Codes Of Practice1177 Words   |  5 Pageslist key legislation and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination in adult social care setting. There are several pieces of legislation that chains the principles of a number of previous acts. The purpose of this act is to join many of the principles of previous pieces of legislation to make it easier to understand, in places to promote equality and reduce the discrimination, such as; †¢ Employment Equality Regulations 2003 †¢ Special Educational Needs and DisabilityRead MoreEssay on nvq 2695 Words   |  3 Pages Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Setting 1.1 Define what is meant by: Diversity Equality Inclusion Discrimination Diversity - is meant by acknowledging that each individual is unique and recognising individual differences, For example culture, ability, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, or any other individual characteristic. Equality - is fair treatment and access opportunities for all regardlessRead MoreUnit 203 Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care827 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 203 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings. 1.1) * Diversity is essentially another word for different, it recognises that people are different and unique in many ways such as, personal characteristics, background, culture, personality, race, disability, gender, religion, belief, sexual orientation and age. It means recognising and understanding individual’s differences and embracing them, to allow people feel more valued. * Equality means treatingRead Moreunit 12 nvq3 Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿UNIT 12 PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1) Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion 1.1) Explain what is meant by :- Diversity- recognises that all though people have thing in common they are also different in many ways. Diversity therefore consists of visible and non-visible factors which include personal characteristics such as backgrounds culture, by recognising and understanding our individual differences andRead MorePrinciples Of Diversity, Equality And Inclusion In Adult Social Care1414 Words   |  6 Pages Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings Question Booklet Task A – Short Answer Questions Ai Complete the following, describing in your own words what each term means. 8 marks †¢ Diversity You need to understand that each individual is unique and be aware or recognise individual differences. The concept of diversity is to accept and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing and accepting individual differences Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult... Assignment 303 Bi Create a leaflet Legislations and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 You share the responsibility with your employer for your own safety and of all people that you support Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 An employee is refused a promotion, because of their age Employment Equality (Religion or Belies) and (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003 An employee is refused e.g. training or lost a job, because of their beliefs, race or sexuality Equal Pay Act 1970 A female employee is paid less than a male employee for doing same job Sex Discrimination Act 1975 If a female employee is refused a promotion or training, because†¦show more content†¦It is therefore very important to respect and honour their personal beliefs. Some want to go to church on Sundays and others do not want to speak about church at all and I must respect the fact that they do not want to speak about anything about the Church. It is part of the work that I do to make sure my clients are happy and therefore am conscious at all times that they feel comfortable about anything they want to talk to me about. It is most important to remember that my own preferences are different to others and that I can never expect others to think, act and feel the same as I do. For example, I like to bath at night and shower in the morning but some of my clients fear water and they really hate the idea of being showered, washed or bathes even once a week. I have to respect their decision but at the same time I need to encourage them to maintain a healthy and clean state of mind and body. I in cases like this will spend more time encouraging the client that they will feel better and not try and tell them how I feel when I am clean and fresh. As a provider of care and support you will need to ensure that you understand the legal framework regarding equality, diversity, discrimination and rights and be able to relate this to your everyday role. Discrimination could take the form of stereotyping, making assumptions, patronising, humiliating and disrespecting people, taking some people less seriously. These are some of the things you can do to make sureShow MoreRelatedPrinciples of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Settings.2079 Words   |  9 PagesPrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion What is Equality? Equality is about making sure people are treated fairly and given fair chances. Equality is not about treating everyone in the same way, but it recognises that their needs are met in different ways. Equality focuses on those areas covered by the law, namely the key areas of race, gender, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientationRead MorePrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings.3752 Words   |  16 Pages303 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings. Task A Ai. Diversity – The concept of diversity is to encompass acceptance and respect. It means that each individual is unique and recognizing our individual’s differences, these can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, social- economic status, age, physical abilities or religious beliefs. An example of diversity is to accept someone’s views even if you don’t agree Equality – Equality basicallyRead MorePRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS863 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Unit 303: PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1.1 Diversity means difference. Diversity recognises that though people have things in common they are also different and unique in other ways. Diversity is about recognising these differences and valuing them. Diversity is in the form of visible bind, non-visible differences which include personal characteristics such as background, culture, personality and race disability, age, gender belief and religionRead Morenvq 3 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings789 Words   |  3 PagesPrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings 1.1 Explain what is meant by a) Diversity Diversity means varied or different, so in a social care setting the importance of diversity means to recognise and respect the importance of people’s wishes and to treat them as individuals. b) Equality Equality means ensuring that everybody is entitled to equal rights and opportunities and therefore preventing discrimination. c) Inclusion Inclusion means to ensure thatRead MoreAssignment 303 Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Settings2063 Words   |  9 PagesTask A Short answer questions Ai Using the table below, explain in your own words what each term means. Give one example from care practice to illustrate your explanations. Diversity: The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, politicalRead MoreList Key Legislation And Codes Of Practice1177 Words   |  5 Pageslist key legislation and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination in adult social care setting. There are several pieces of legislation that chains the principles of a number of previous acts. The purpose of this act is to join many of the principles of previous pieces of legislation to make it easier to understand, in places to promote equality and reduce the discrimination, such as; †¢ Employment Equality Regulations 2003 †¢ Special Educational Needs and DisabilityRead MoreEssay on nvq 2695 Words   |  3 Pages Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Setting 1.1 Define what is meant by: Diversity Equality Inclusion Discrimination Diversity - is meant by acknowledging that each individual is unique and recognising individual differences, For example culture, ability, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, or any other individual characteristic. Equality - is fair treatment and access opportunities for all regardlessRead MoreUnit 203 Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care827 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 203 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings. 1.1) * Diversity is essentially another word for different, it recognises that people are different and unique in many ways such as, personal characteristics, background, culture, personality, race, disability, gender, religion, belief, sexual orientation and age. It means recognising and understanding individual’s differences and embracing them, to allow people feel more valued. * Equality means treatingRead Moreunit 12 nvq3 Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿UNIT 12 PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1) Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion 1.1) Explain what is meant by :- Diversity- recognises that all though people have thing in common they are also different in many ways. Diversity therefore consists of visible and non-visible factors which include personal characteristics such as backgrounds culture, by recognising and understanding our individual differences andRead MorePrinciples Of Diversity, Equality And Inclusion In Adult Social Care1414 Words   |  6 Pages Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings Question Booklet Task A – Short Answer Questions Ai Complete the following, describing in your own words what each term means. 8 marks †¢ Diversity You need to understand that each individual is unique and be aware or recognise individual differences. The concept of diversity is to accept and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing and accepting individual differences Principles Of Diversity, Equality And Inclusion In Adult... Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings Question Booklet Task A – Short Answer Questions Ai Complete the following, describing in your own words what each term means. 8 marks †¢ Diversity You need to understand that each individual is unique and be aware or recognise individual differences. The concept of diversity is to accept and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing and accepting individual differences. These can be race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing†¦show more content†¦To discriminate against another is to act in a way that treats them differently and usually unfairly. Aii It is important that social care workers follow laws, regulations and codes of practice. List three that relate to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination. 3 marks 1. The human rights act 1998 2. The equality act 2010 3. Social care codes of practice Aiii Describe two situations where you may need to get some support, information or advice about working in a way that promotes diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination. 4 marks Situation one For instance, a residents meeting was taking place and a service user asked for an evening of music and dance to take place in the future because they used to dance for a hobby with their wife/husband, you need to hire a hall for this to take place as the care setting isn’t big enough to accommodate this and all of the service users want to join in. Situation two. Also during the meeting another resident asked for a pamper evening for gentle massages with different scented oils to be used to help their joints and to help them to relax. Aiv For each of the situations you have identified, describe how you could access support, information or guidance. 4 marks Situation one. Some service users may have difficultyShow MoreRelatedPrinciples of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Settings.2079 Words   |  9 PagesPrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion What is Equality? Equality is about making sure people are treated fairly and given fair chances. Equality is not about treating everyone in the same way, but it recognises that their needs are met in different ways. Equality focuses on those areas covered by the law, namely the key areas of race, gender, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientationRead MorePRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS863 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Unit 303: PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1.1 Diversity means difference. Diversity recognises that though people have things in common they are also different and unique in other ways. Diversity is about recognising these differences and valuing them. Diversity is in the form of visible bind, non-visible differences which include personal characteristics such as background, culture, personality and race disability, age, gender belief and religionRead MorePrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings.3752 Words   |  16 Pages303 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings. Task A Ai. Diversity – The concept of diversity is to encompass acceptance and respect. It means that each individual is unique and recognizing our individual’s differences, these can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, social- economic status, age, physical abilities or religious beliefs. An example of diversity is to accept someone’s views even if you don’t agree Equality – Equality basicallyRead MoreUnit 203 Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care827 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 203 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings. 1.1) * Diversity is essentially another word for different, it recognises that people are different and unique in many ways such as, personal characteristics, background, culture, personality, race, disability, gender, religion, belief, sexual orientation and age. It means recognising and understanding individual’s differences and embracing them, to allow people feel more valued. * Equality means treatingRead MorePrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings2120 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Assignment 303 Bi Create a leaflet Legislations and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 You share the responsibility with your employer for your own safety and of all people that you support Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 An employee is refused a promotion, because of their age Employment Equality (Religion or Belies) and (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003 An employee is refused e.g. trainingRead Morenvq 3 Principles of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings789 Words   |  3 PagesPrinciples of diversity, equality and inclusion in adult social care settings 1.1 Explain what is meant by a) Diversity Diversity means varied or different, so in a social care setting the importance of diversity means to recognise and respect the importance of people’s wishes and to treat them as individuals. b) Equality Equality means ensuring that everybody is entitled to equal rights and opportunities and therefore preventing discrimination. c) Inclusion Inclusion means to ensure thatRead MoreAssignment 303 Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Settings2063 Words   |  9 PagesTask A Short answer questions Ai Using the table below, explain in your own words what each term means. Give one example from care practice to illustrate your explanations. Diversity: The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, politicalRead MoreList Key Legislation And Codes Of Practice1177 Words   |  5 Pageslist key legislation and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination in adult social care setting. There are several pieces of legislation that chains the principles of a number of previous acts. The purpose of this act is to join many of the principles of previous pieces of legislation to make it easier to understand, in places to promote equality and reduce the discrimination, such as; †¢ Employment Equality Regulations 2003 †¢ Special Educational Needs and DisabilityRead MoreEssay on nvq 2695 Words   |  3 Pages Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Setting 1.1 Define what is meant by: Diversity Equality Inclusion Discrimination Diversity - is meant by acknowledging that each individual is unique and recognising individual differences, For example culture, ability, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, or any other individual characteristic. Equality - is fair treatment and access opportunities for all regardlessRead Moreunit 12 nvq3 Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿UNIT 12 PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1) Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion 1.1) Explain what is meant by :- Diversity- recognises that all though people have thing in common they are also different in many ways. Diversity therefore consists of visible and non-visible factors which include personal characteristics such as backgrounds culture, by recognising and understanding our individual differences and PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT... Unit 303: PRINCIPLES OF DIVERSITY, EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS. 1.1 Diversity means difference. Diversity recognises that though people have things in common they are also different and unique in other ways. Diversity is about recognising these differences and valuing them. Diversity is in the form of visible bind, non-visible differences which include personal characteristics such as background, culture, personality and race disability, age, gender belief and religion. By understanding these differences and celebrating them we can create an environment where everyone feels valued. Equality is a way of treating everybody in an appropriate way that suits their needs without showing them up and treating them†¦show more content†¦It means supporting diversity by accepting and welcoming people’s differences, and promoting equality by ensuring equal opportunities for all aspects of diversity. Having a sound awareness of and responding sensitively to an individuals diverse need supports them in developing a sense of belonging, wellbeing and confidence in their identity and abilities. 2.1 These include equality act, human rights act, essential standards and codes of practice. The Human Right Act 1998- covers many different types of discrimination, including some that are not covered by other discrimination laws. The Equal Pay Act 1970 (1984)- says that women must be paid the same as men when they are doing the same job. The Disability Discrimination Act 2005- this act makes it unlawful to discriminate on grounds of sex, marital status or gender reassignment. It applies when recruiting and when deciding term and conditions that should be offered to an employee as well as when decisions are made about who should be promoted, transferred or receive training. The Race Relation Act 1976- this act gives public authorities a statutory duty to promote race quality. 2.2 The consequences of not complying with legislation and codes of practice could be any of the following: -verbal warning -written warning -suspension -termination of employment -police interview -criminal conviction.Show MoreRelatedInclusion and Autism in Main Stream Schools3923 Words   |  16 PagesApart or A Part? Inclusion and Autism in Main Stream Primary Settings. The number of pupils with autistic spectrum conditions (ASC) being educated in mainstream settings is increasing (Humphrey 2008). Inclusion in main stream education can be extremely beneficial for pupils on the autism spectrum (Great Britain. Department for Children, Schools and families, 2009), however there is growing concern about the educational experiences of pupils with ASC. Only 12% of parents with children in anRead MoreLeadership for Health and Social Care and Children65584 Words   |  263 PagesQUALIFICATION HANDBOOK Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (England) (3978-51/52/53/54/55/56) December 2011 Version 2.1 (July 2011) Qualification at a glance Subject area City Guilds number Age group approved Entry requirements Assessment Fast track Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (England) 3978 19+ There are no entry requirements Portfolio of Evidence, PracticalRead MoreThe Cipd Profession Map 201528226 Words   |  113 PagesThe CIPD Profession Map Our Professional Standards Contents Introduction 2 The CIPD Profession Map 4–7 The design principles and architecture of the Profession Map 4 Bands and transitions 6 Professional areas 8–46 Professional area definitions 9 1 Insights, strategy and solutions 10 2 Leading HR 14 3 Organisation design 17 4 Organisation development 20 5 Resourcing and talent planning 23 6 Learning and development 26 7 PerformanceRead MoreHow Does The Medical Model Have Power?4335 Words   |  18 Pages(Gabe, J. and Elston, M. 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Common Biases and Errors in Decision-Making Process Free Essays

COMMON BIASES AND ERRORS IN DECISION-MAKING PROCESS In addition to engaging in bounded rationality, an accumulating body of research tells us that decision makers allow systematic biases and errors to creep into their judgments. These come out of attempts to shortcut the decision process. To minimize effort and avoid difficult trade-offs, people tend to rely too heavily on experience, impulses, gut feelings, and convenient aâ‚ ¬? rules of thumb. We will write a custom essay sample on Common Biases and Errors in Decision-Making Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now aâ‚ ¬? In many instances, these shortcuts are helpful. However, they can lead to severe distortions from rationality. The following highlights the most common distortions. Overconfidence Bias:  Itaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s been said that aâ‚ ¬? no problem in judgment and decision making is more prevalent and more potentially catastrophic than overconfidence. aâ‚ ¬? When weaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re given factual questions and asked to judge the probability that our answers are correct, we tend to be far too optimistic. For instance, studies have found that, when people say theyaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re 65 to 70% confident that theyaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re right, they were actually correct only about 50% of the time. And when they say theyaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re 100% sure, they tended to be 70 to 85% correct. From an organizational standpoint, one of the more interesting findings related to overconfidence is that those individuals whose intellectual and interpersonal abilities are weakest are most likely to overestimate their performance and ability. So as mangers and employees become more knowledgeable about an issue, the less likely they are to display overconfidence. Overconfidence is most likely to surface when organizational members are considering issues or problems that are outside their area of expertise. Anchoring Bias:  The anchoring bias is a tendency to fixate on initial information as a starting point. Once set, we then fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information. The anchoring bias occurs because our mind appears to give a disproportionate amount of emphasis to the first information it receives. So initial impressions, ideas, process, and estimates carry undue weight relative to information received later. Anchors are widely used by professional people such as advertising writers, managers, politicians, real estate agents, and lawyersaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ where persuasion skills are important For instance, in a mock jury trial, one set of jurors was asked by the plaintiffaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s attorney to make an award in the range of Rs. million to Rs. 25 million. Another set of jurors was asked for an award in the range of Rs. 25 million to 75 million. Consistent with the anchoring bias, the median awards were Rs. 5 million versus Rs. 25 million in the two conditions. Consider the role of anchoring in negotiations and interviews. Any time a negotiation takes place, so does anchoring . As soon as someone states a number, your ability to objectively ignore that number has been compromised. For instance, when a prospective employer asks how much you were making in your prior job, your answer typically anchors the employeraâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer. Most of us understand this and upwardly aâ‚ ¬? adjustaâ‚ ¬? our previous salary in the hope that it will encourage our employer to offer us more. Anchoring can distort employment interviews. The initial information you might get interviewing a job candidate is likely to anchor your assessment of the applicant and unduly influence how you interpret information that you obtain later. Confirmation Bias:  The rational decision-making process assumes that we objectively gather information. But we donaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t. We selectively gather information. The information bias represents a specific case of selective perception. We seek out information that reaffirms our past choices, and we discount information that contradicts past judgments. We also tend to accept information at face value that confirms our preconceived views, while being critical and skeptical of information that challenges these views. The information we gather is typically biased toward supporting views we already hold. This confirmation bias influences where we go to collect evidence because we tend to seek out places that are more likely to tell us what we want to hear. It also leads us to give too much weight to supporting information and too little to contradictory information. Availability Bias:  Many more people suffer from fear of flying than fear of driving in a car. The reason is that many people think flying is more dangerous. If flying on a commercial airline was as dangerous as driving, the equivalent of two 747s filled to capacity would have to crash every week, killing all aboard, to match the risk of being killed in a car accident. But the media give a lot more attention to air accidents, so we tend to overstate the risk of flying and understate the risk of driving. This illustrates an example of the availability bias, which is the tendency for people to base their judgments on information that is readily available to them. Events that evoke emotions, that are particularly vivid, or that have occurred more recently tend to be more available in our memory. As a result, we tend to be prone to overestimating unlikely events like an airplane crash. The availability bias can also explain why managers, when doing annual performance appraisals, tend to give more weight to recent behaviors of an employee than those behaviors of six or nine months ago. Escalation of Commitment Error:  Another distortion that creeps into decisions in practice is a tendency to escalate commitment when a decision stream represents a series of decisions. Escalation of commitment refers to staying with a decision even when there is clear evidence that itaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wrong. An example of this is of my friend, who has been dating a woman for about four years. He admitted that things werenaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t going too well in their relationship; he informed me that he was going to marry the woman. A bit surprised by his decision, I asked him why. He responded: aâ‚ ¬? I have a lot invested in the relationship! aâ‚ ¬? It has been well documented that individuals escalate commitment to a failing course of action when they view themselves as a responsible for the failure. That is they aâ‚ ¬? throw good money after badaâ‚ ¬? o demonstrate that their initial decision wasnaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t wrong and to avoid having to admit they made a mistake. Escalation of commitment is also congruent with evidence that people try to appear consistent in what they say and do. Increasing commitment to previous actions conveys consistency. Escalation of commitment has obvious implications for managerial decisions. Many an organization has suffered large losses because a manager was determined to prove his or her original decision was right by continuing to commit resources to what was a lost cause from the beginning. In addition, consistency is a characteristic often associated with effective leaders. So managers, in an effort to appear effective, may be motivated to be consistent when switching to another course of action. In reality, effective managers are those who are able to differentiate between situations in which persistence will pay off and situations in which it will not. http://www. citeman. com/384-common-biases-and-errors-in-decision-making-process. html How to cite Common Biases and Errors in Decision-Making Process, Essay examples